Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
| |||
|
| |||
| Costs: In economics, costs represent the resources or sacrifices incurred to produce goods or services. These include explicit costs (direct expenses like wages, materials) and implicit costs (opportunity costs, such as foregone alternatives). Costs influence production decisions, pricing strategies, and overall economic efficiency, essential in assessing profitability and resource allocation._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
| Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Behavioral Ecology on Costs - Dictionary of Arguments
Corr I 278 Costs/behavior/behavioral ecology/personality/behavioral syndromes/Gosling: It is possible that the cost-benefit trade-offs vary from year to year or from niche to niche such that different suites (e.g., high aggression vs. low aggression) are adaptive at different times or locales. In a series of long-term studies of personality in a natural population of a passerine bird species (Parus major) one research group has generated compelling evidence for the idea that different personalities are adaptive under different conditions (Dingemanse, Both, Drent and Tinbergen 2004(1); Drent, van Oers and van Noordwijk 2003(2); Groothuis and Carere 2005(3)). >Personality/psychological theories, >Niches/evolutionary psychology. 1. Dingemanse, N. J., Both, C., Drent, P. J. and Tinbergen, J. M. 2004. Fitness consequences of avian personalities in a fluctuating environment, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B – Biological Sciences 271: 847–52 2. Drent, P. J., Van Oers, K. and Van Noordwijk, A. J. 2003. Realized heritability of personalities in the great tit (Parus major), Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences Series B 270: 45–51 3. Groothuis, T. G. G. and Carere, C. 2005. Avian personalities: characterization and epigenesis, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 29: 137–50 Samuel D. Gosling and B. Austin Harley, “Animal models of personality and cross-species comparisons”, in: Corr, Ph. J. & Matthews, G. (eds.) 2009. The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Behavioral Ecology Corr I Philip J. Corr Gerald Matthews The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology New York 2009 Corr II Philip J. Corr (Ed.) Personality and Individual Differences - Revisiting the classical studies Singapore, Washington DC, Melbourne 2018 |
||
> Counter arguments against Behavioral Ecology
> Counter arguments in relation to Costs
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-28